Cosmetics are substances or products used to enhance or alter the appearance of the face or the fragrance and body texture. Many cosmetics are designed for use on face, hair, and body. They are generally a mixture of chemical compounds; some come from natural sources (such as coconut oil), and some are synthetic or artificial. Common cosmetics include lipstick, mascara, eye shadow, foundation, skin cleanser and body lotion, shampoo and conditioner, hair styling products (gel, hair spray, etc.), Perfume and cologne. Cosmetics applied to the face to improve their appearance are often called make-up or makeup .
In the US, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which regulates cosmetics, defines cosmetics as "intended to be applied to the human body to cleanse, beautify, promote attraction, or alter the appearance without affecting body structure or function". This broad definition includes any material intended to be used as a component of cosmetic products. The FDA specifically excludes soaps from this category.
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Etimologi
The word cosmetics comes from the Greek ????????? ????? ( cosmetics? tekhn? ), which means "dressing and decorating techniques", from ?????????? ( kosm? ticks ), "skilled in ordering or arranging" and it's from ?????? ( cosmos ), which means "orders" and "ornaments".
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History
Cosmetics has been used for thousands of years. The absence of cosmetic manufacturing and use arrangements has caused negative side effects, defects, blindness, and even death for centuries. An example is the general use of ceruse (white tin), to cover the face during the Renaissance, and the blindness caused by the Lash Lure mascara during the early 20th century.
Egyptian men and women use makeup to improve their appearance. They love eyeliner and eyeshadows in dark colors including blue, red, and black. The ancient Sumerian men and women were probably the first to discover and wear lipstick, about 5,000 years ago. They destroy gemstones and use them to decorate their faces, especially on the lips and around the eyes. Also around 3000 BC to 1500 BC, women in the ancient Indus Valley Civilization applied red lipstick to their lips for facial decoration. The Ancient Egyptians issued a red dye of fucus-algin, 0.01% iodine, and some bromine mannite, but this dye produced a serious illness. Lipstick with a sparkling effect was originally made using pearlescent substances found in fish scales. The six thousand-year-old remains of tombs punctured by Ancient Egyptian pharaohs were discovered.
According to one source, initial major developments include:
- Kohl is used by ancient Egypt as eye protection.
- The distant oil used by ancient Egypt as a protective balm.
- Skin creams made from beeswax, olive oil, and rose water, are described by the Romans.
- Vaseline and lanolin in the nineteenth century.
Ancient Greeks also used cosmetics as did the Ancient Romans. Cosmetics are mentioned in the Old Testament, as in 2 Kings 9:30, where Jezebel paints her eyelids - about 840 BC - and in the book of Ester, where beauty treatments are described.
One of the most popular traditional Chinese remedies is the femme Tremella fuciformis , which is used as a beauty product by women in China and Japan. Fungus is reported to increase the retention of moisture in the skin and prevent degradation of blood vessels in the skin, reduce wrinkles and smooth the fine lines. Another anti-aging effect comes from the increased presence of superoxide dismutase in the brain and liver; It is an enzyme that acts as a powerful antioxidant throughout the body, especially in the skin. Tremella fuciformis is also known in Chinese medicine to nourish the lungs.
The use of cosmetics was criticized at many points in Western history. For example, in the 19th century, Queen Victoria announced publicly inappropriate, vulgar, and acceptable makeup only for use by actors.
During the sixteenth century, the personal attributes of women using make-up created a demand for products among the upper classes.
Many women in the nineteenth century liked to be considered a fragile woman. They compare themselves with the soft flowers and emphasize their delights and femininity. They aim always look pale and attractive. Sometimes women secretly use a little rouge on the cheeks and use "belladonna" to widen their eyes to make their eyes more prominent. Make-up was criticized in general, especially during the 1870's when social ethics became more rigid. Special teachers and pastors are prohibited from the use of cosmetic products.
During the 19th century, there were a large number of lead poisoning incidents due to fashion for makeup and red and white lead powder. This causes swelling and inflammation of the eyes, debilitating tooth enamel, and causing the skin to become black. The use of weight is known to cause death. However, in the second half of the 19th century, great advances were made in the chemistry of chemical fragrances that allowed the production of cosmetic products much easier.
It was socially acceptable for actresses in the 1800s to use makeup, and famous beauties like Sarah Bernhardt and Lillie Langtry could be powdered. Most of the cosmetic products available are still in doubt chemically or found in the kitchen amid food coloring, berries and beetroot.
In the Middle Ages, it seemed natural that the face should be white and his cheeks rouged.
By the mid-20th century, cosmetics were widely used by women in almost all industrial societies around the world.
In 1968 on Miss America's feminist protest, the protesters symbolically threw a number of feminine products into the "Trash of Freedom." These include cosmetics, which are among the items that protesters call "women's torture instruments" and accouterments of what they consider to be female-uplifting.
In 2016, the largest cosmetics company in the world is L'Orà © Ã… © al, founded by EugÃÆ'¨ne Schueller in 1909 as the French Dangerous Hairdressing Company (now owned by Liliane Bettencourt 26% and Nestlà ©  © 28%; the remaining 46% publicly traded). The market was developed in the US during the 1910s by Elizabeth Arden, Helena Rubinstein, and Max Factor. These companies joined Revlon just before World War II and Està © e Lauder soon thereafter.
Although modern make-up has traditionally been used primarily by women, more and more men use cosmetics that are usually associated with women to enhance or mask their own facial features such as stains, dark circles, and so on. Cosmetic brand release products designed specifically for men, and men are increasingly using it.
Type
Cosmetics are meant to be applied externally. They include, but are not limited to, products that can be applied to the face: skin care cream, lipstick, eye and face makeup, towels, and colored contact lenses; for body: deodorant, lotion, powder, perfume, baby product, bath oil, bubble bath, bath salt, and body butter; to the hands/nails: nail fingernails of hands and feet, and hand cleansers; on hair: permanent chemicals, hair color, hair spray, and gel.
Part of cosmetics is called "makeup", mainly refers to products containing color pigments intended to change the appearance of the user. Manufacturers can distinguish between "decorative" and "care" cosmetics.
Cosmetics that are intended for use in the face and eye area are usually applied with brushes, makeup sponges, or fingertips.
Most cosmetics are differentiated based on the body area intended for the application.
- Primer is present in a formula that fits the individual skin condition. Mostly intended to reduce the appearance of pore size, extend the use of makeup, and allow smoother makeup applications. Primer is applied before the foundation or eyeshadows depending on where the primer will be applied.
- Lipstick, lip gloss, lip liner, lip plumper, lip balm, lip color, lip gloss, lip primer, lip amplifier and lip gloss: Lipstick is meant to add color and texture to the lips and often comes widths of various colors , as well as finishing touches such as matte, satin, and luster. Lip stains have a water base or gel and may contain alcohol to help keep the product from leaving the matte look. They temporarily saturate lips with dye. Usually designed to be watertight, the product may come with an applicator brush, rollerball, or can be applied with a finger. Lip glosses are meant to add luster to the lips and can add color, as well as scented or scented for fun. Lip balm is most often used to moisturize, dye, and protect lips. Some brands contain sunscreen.
- Concealer covers skin imperfections. Concealer is often used for the additional coverage needed to cover acne/deformed acne, under circles, and other imperfections. Concealer is often thicker and denser than foundation, and provides more durable, more detailed creases and creates a fresh clean base for all the rest of the makeup.
Cosmetics can also be explained by the physical composition of the product. Cosmetics may be liquid or cream emulsions; powder, well pressed and loose; dispersion; and anhydrous cream or sticks.
Makeup Remover is a product used to remove makeup products applied to the skin. It cleans the skin before other procedures, such as applying the lotion before bed. Micellar Water became the more commonly used product to remove makeup. Act as a two-in-one by removing makeup and cleansing the skin.
Products
Cleansing is a standard step in skin care routines. Skin cleansing includes some or all of these steps or cosmetics:
- Foam cleansers or soaps are used to remove any excess dirt, grease, and makeup remaining on the skin. It is important to know your skin type so that you can find a cleanser that will improve your skin rather than cause a reaction. Most people should use sulfate free cleansers, because they can be too hard on the skin and peel them from natural oils if not removed from the cleanser. The spin brush, like Clarisonic, allows deeper cleansing of the skin when used regularly.
- Toner is used after cleansing the skin to refresh it, improves the appearance of one's skin, and removes traces of cleansers, masks, or makeup, as well as to help restore the natural pH of the skin.. They are usually applied to cotton and wiped on the skin, but can be sprayed onto the skin from a spray bottle. Toners usually contain alcohol, water, and herbal extracts or other chemicals depending on whether the skin type is oily, dry, or a combination. Toner containing alcohol is quite astringen, and is usually targeted on oily skin. Dry or normal skin should be treated with alcohol-free toner. The witch hazel solution is a popular toner for all skin types, but many other products are available. Many toners contain salicylic acid and/or benzoyl peroxide. This type of toner is targeted for oily skin types, as well as acne prone skin.
- A facial mask is a treatment applied to the skin and then removed. Usually, they are applied to dry face, cleaned, avoiding eyes and lips.
- The clay-based mask uses a kaolin or earth clay that is more contained for transporting essential oils and chemicals to the skin, and is usually allowed to dry completely. As the clay dries, it absorbs excess oil and dirt from the skin surface and can help clear clogged pores or attract blackheads to the surface. Due to its drying action, a ground-based mask should only be used on oily skin.
- Peel masks are usually gel-like in consistency, and contain acid or exfoliate to help peel the skin, along with other ingredients to hydrate, reduce wrinkles, or treat uneven skin tone. They are allowed to dry and then peeled gently. They should be avoided by people with dry skin, as they tend to be very dry.
- The sheet mask is a relatively new product that is becoming very popular in Asia. Sheet masks consist of thin cotton or fiber sheets with cut holes for the eyes and lips and cut to fit the contours of the face, where serum and skin care are brushed in a thin layer; bed sheets can be soaked in care. Masks are available to suit almost all skin types and skin complaints. Mask sheets are faster, not messy, and require no special knowledge or equipment for their use compared to other types of face masks, but these masks may be hard to find and purchase outside of Asia.
- Exfoliant is a product that helps to peel dead and dead skin cells to improve skin appearance. This is achieved either by using mild acid or other chemicals to loosen old skin cells, or abrasive substances to physically rub them. Skin exfoliation can produce rough skin spots, improve circulation to the skin, cleanse clogged pores to prevent acne and improve the appearance and healing of scars.
- Chemical exfoliants may include citric acid (from citrus fruits), acetic acid (from vinegar), malic acid (from fruit), glycolic acid, lactic acid, or salicylic acid. They may be liquids or gels, and may or may not contain abrasive materials to remove skin cells long afterwards.
Rough exfoliations include gels, creams or lotions, as well as physical objects. Loofah, microfiber cloth, natural sponge, or brush can be used to peel the skin, simply by rubbing it on the face in a circular motion. Gel, cream, or lotion may contain acids to induce dead skin cells to loosen, and abrasives such as microbeads, sea salt, sugar, peanut shells, rice bran, or apricot seeds to rub dead cells from the skin. Salt and lulur sugar tend to be the hardest, while scrubs containing beads or bran are usually very soft.
- Moisturizer is a cream or lotion that moisturizes the skin and helps it retain moisture; they may contain essential oils, herbal extracts, or chemicals to help control oil or reduce irritation. Night cream is usually more hydrating than day cream, but may be too thick or heavy to wear during the day, hence their name. Colored moisturizer contains a small amount of foundation, which can provide mild coverage for small stains or to flatten skin tone. They are usually applied with fingertips or cotton for the whole face, avoiding the lips and the area around the eyes. The eye needs a different kind of moisturizer than the rest of the face. The skin around the eyes is very thin and sensitive, and is often the first area to show signs of aging. Eye cream is usually a very light lotion or gel, and is usually very soft; some may contain ingredients such as caffeine or Vitamin K to reduce swelling and dark circles under the eyes. Eye creams or gels should be applied throughout the eye area with fingers, using tapping motion. Finding a moisturizer with SPF is useful for preventing aging and wrinkles.
Brushes
Makeup brush is used to apply makeup to the face. There are two types of makeup brushes: synthetic and natural. The best synthetic brush for cream products while natural brushes are ideal for powder products. Using the right brush to apply a particular product allows the product to blend with the skin smoothly and evenly.
- The foundation brush is usually a solid brush that distributes the product evenly while smoothing the face. This brush is best used to achieve full coverage.
- The concealer brush has a small tapered edge that allows correct spot correction such as defects or discoloration.
- The rounded brush has soft, synthetic feathers that give the airbrush effect. This brush is best used for reaching light to medium range.
- Blush brush comes in various shapes and sizes and is used to apply blush on, allowing blush on natural look while providing a watering color.
- A powder brush tends to be large and smooth for quick and easy powder dust applications all over the face. The powder gives the impression of a matte effect.
- Bronzer blush on is a round and smooth brush that gives a "sun-kiss" appearance to the face.
- Contour brushes can have flat or sloping tops that give the illusion of having cheekbones.
- The spotlight brush, also known as a fan brush, has feathers that are normally spread and used to apply where the sun will be exposed naturally.
- The eyeshadow brush is a solid brush that allows the shadow to be packed into the eyelid.
- Blending eyeshadow brush is used to blend the rough lines you may have from eyeshadow and can smooth the look of eyeshadow.
- The eyeliner brush is tapered with an extra fine tip used for gel eyeliners that allow precision to coat the eye.
- Spoolie is used to brush eyebrows and can also be used as a mascara wand.
- A small lip brush to ensure precision and is used to apply lipstick evenly to the lips.
Other products
There are two categories of personal care products. The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act defines cosmetics as a product intended to clean or beautify (eg, shampoo and lipstick). Separate categories exist for medicines, intended to diagnose, heal, reduce, treat, or prevent disease, or affect the body's structure or function (eg, sunscreen and acne cream). Some products, such as moisturizing sunscreen and anti-dandruff shampoo, are arranged in both categories. There are also many types of tools used such as makeup brushes or face sponges, also known as Blender Beauty The Beauty Blender is alleged to run under water to become wet and then can be used to apply the foundation, combine concealer, and use talc or highlighter.
Materials
Various organic compounds and inorganic compounds contain distinctive cosmetics. Typical organic compounds are natural oils and modified fats as well as various petrochemical agents. Inorganic compounds are minerals processed such as iron oxide, talc, and zinc oxide. Zinc and iron oxides are classified as pigments, ie dyes which have no solubility in the solvent.
Natural
Handmade and certified organic products are becoming more common, due to the fact that certain chemicals in some skin care products can be harmful if absorbed through the skin. Organically claimed products must, in the US, be certified "USDA Organic".
Mineral
The term "mineral makeup" applies to facial makeup categories, including foundation, eye shadow, blush, and bronzer, made with loose, dry mineral powder. These powders are often mixed with oil-water emulsions. Lipstick, liquid foundation, and other liquid cosmetics, as well as compressed makeup like eye shadow and blush in compacts, are often called mineral makeup if they have the same main ingredient as dry mineral makeup. However, liquid makeup should contain preservatives and compressed makeup should contain a binder, which is not dry mineral makeup. Mineral makeup usually contains no synthetic fragrances, preservatives, parabens, mineral oils, and chemical dyes. For this reason, dermatologists can think of mineral makeup softer on the skin than the makeup containing the ingredients. Some minerals are nacreous or pearlescent, giving the skin a glowing appearance or a trigger. One example is bismuth oxychloride. There are various mineral-based makeup brands, including: Bare Minerals, Tarte, Bobbi Brown, and Stila.
The benefits of mineral-based makeup
Although some ingredients in cosmetics can cause concern, some are widely considered beneficial. Titanium dioxide, found in sunscreen, and zinc oxide have anti-inflammatory properties.
Mineral makeup is noncomedogenic (as long as it does not contain talc) and offers some mild sun protection (due to titanium dioxide and zinc oxide).
Since they do not contain liquids, mineral makeup has a long shelf life.
Cosmetic packaging
The term cosmetic packaging is used for primary packaging and secondary packaging of cosmetic products.
The main packaging, also called cosmetic container, is where the cosmetic products. It deals directly with cosmetic products. Secondary packaging is the outer covering of one or more cosmetic containers. An important difference between primary and secondary packaging is that any information needed to clarify product safety should appear on the main package. Otherwise, much of the required information may appear only on the secondary packaging.
The cosmetic packaging is standardized by ISO 22715, defined by the International Organization for Standardization and governed by national or regional regulations such as those issued by the EU or FDA. Marketers and manufacturers of cosmetic products must comply with these regulations to be able to market their cosmetic products in jurisdiction-compatible areas.
Industry
The manufacture of cosmetics is dominated by a small number of multinational companies dating from the early 20th century, but the distribution and sale of cosmetics are spread among various businesses. The world's largest cosmetics company is L'OrÃÆ' © al, Procter & amp; Gamble, Unilever, Shiseido, and Està © e Lauder. In 2005, the market volume of the cosmetics industry in the US, Europe, and Japan was about 70 Billion/year. In Germany, the cosmetics industry generated EUR12.6 billion in retail sales in 2008, making Germany the third largest cosmetics industry in the world, after Japan and the United States. German cosmetics exports reached EUR5.8 billion in 2008, while cosmetics imports reached EUR3 billion.
The cosmetics and perfume industries around the world today generate an annual turnover of about US $ 170 billion (according to Eurostaf - May 2007). Europe is a leading market, representing about EUR63 billion, while sales in France reached EUR6.5 billion in 2006, according to FIPAR (FÃ © Ã © dation des Industries de la Parfumerie - the French federation for the perfume industry). France is another country where the cosmetics industry plays an important role, both nationally and internationally. According to data from 2008, the cosmetics industry has been growing constantly in France for 40 years in a row. In 2006, the industry sector reached a record level of EUR6.5 billion. Famous cosmetic brands produced in France include Vichy, Yves Saint Laurent, Yves Rocher, and many others.
The Italian cosmetics industry is also an important player in the European cosmetics market. Although not as big as other European countries, the cosmetics industry in Italy is estimated to reach EUR9 billion in 2007. The Italian cosmetics industry is dominated by hair and body products and does not apply as in many other European countries. In Italy, hair and body products make up about 30% of the cosmetic market. Makeup and facial treatments, however, are the most common cosmetic products exported to the United States.
According to Euromonitor International, the cosmetics market in China is estimated to reach $ 7.4 billion by 2021, up from $ 4.3 billion in 2016. This increase is due to social media and the changing attitudes of people in the age group of 18 to 30 years.
Due to the popularity of cosmetics, especially fragrances and perfumes, many designers who do not need to be involved in the cosmetics industry come up with perfumes carrying their names. In addition, some actors and singers (such as Celine Dion) have their own perfume lines. Designer perfumes, like other designer products, are the most expensive in the industry because consumers pay for products and brands. Famous Italian fragrances are produced by Giorgio Armani, Dolce & amp; Gabbana, and others.
Procter & amp; Gamble, which sells CoverGirl and Dolce & amp; Gabbana makeup, funding research that concludes that makeup makes women appear more competent. Because of funding sources, the quality of Boston University's research is questionable.
Controversy
During the 20th century, the popularity of cosmetics increased rapidly. Cosmetics are used by girls at an increasingly young age, especially in the United States. Due to the rapidly declining age of make-up users, many companies, ranging from high-street brands such as Rimmel to higher-end products such as Estee Lauder, serve this expanding market by introducing flavored lipsticks and glosses, cosmetics packaged in glitter and sparkly. packaging, and marketing and advertising using the young model. The social consequences of using younger and younger cosmetics have had a lot of attention in the media over the past few years.
Critics of cosmetics have come from various sources including some feminists, religious groups, animal rights activists, authors, and public interest groups. He also faces criticism from people in the manosphere, some of whom describe it as a form of fraud or false.
Security
In the United States: "Under the law, cosmetic products and materials do not require FDA premarket approval." The EU and other regulatory bodies around the world have more stringent regulations. The FDA does not have to approve or review cosmetics, or what is in it, before it is sold to consumers. The FDA only regulates against several colors that can be used in cosmetics and hair dyes. Cosmetics companies do not need to report any injury from the product; they also only have a voluntary product withdrawal.
There is a marketing trend towards cosmetic sales that have no controversial materials, especially those derived from petroleum, sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), and parabens. Numerous reports have raised concerns over the safety of some surfactants, including 2-butoxyethanol. In some individuals, SLS can cause a number of skin problems, including dermatitis.
Parabens can cause skin irritation and contact dermatitis in individuals with paraben allergies, a small percentage of the general population. Animal experiments show that parabens have weak estrogen activity, acting as xenoestrogens.
Perfume is widely used in consumer products. The study concludes from patch testing showing fragrances containing several ingredients that can cause allergic reactions.
Balsam from Peru is the main suggested marker for perfume allergy before 1977, which is still recommended. The presence of Peral Balsam in cosmetics will be denoted by the term INCI Myroxylon pereirae . In some instances, the Peruvian Balsam is listed on the product's label with one of several names, but may not need to be registered by name by mandatory marking conventions (in fragrances, for example, may be covered only by a list of "fragrance" ingredients).
Some cosmetics companies have made pseudo-scientific claims about their products that are misleading or unsupported by scientific evidence.
Animal testing
Cosmetic testing in animals is highly controversial. The test involves general toxicity, eye and skin irritation, phototoxicity (toxicity induced by ultraviolet light), and mutagenicity.
Due to the controversy over animal testing ethics, alternatives to animal testing are under development, and some countries have chosen to certify animal testing with cosmetics. There are nearly 50 non-animal tests that have been validated for use, with more in development, which can replace animal testing and potentially more potent. Cosmetic testing was banned in the Netherlands, India, Norway, Israel, New Zealand, Belgium and the UK, and in 2002, after 13 years of discussions, the EU agreed to phase in a near-total ban on the sale of animal-tested cosmetics across the Union Europe beginning in 2009, and to ban all animal testing related to cosmetics. Animal testing is set out in Regulation EC 1223/2009 on cosmetics. France, home to the world's largest cosmetics company, L'OrÃÆ'Â © al, has protested the proposed ban by filing a case at the European Court in Luxembourg, requesting that the ban be canceled. The ban is also opposed by the European Federation for Cosmetics Materials, which represents 70 companies in Switzerland, Belgium, France, Germany and Italy. Most cosmetics companies are free from cruelty, including: Bath and Body Treatment, Milani, Kat Von D, ELF, Cosmetic Faced Too Dense, Fertile, Doctor Formulation, Urban Damage, Wet n Wild, Smashbox, and various others. PETA has a link on their website that users can sign a makeup brand that encourages it to be free of cruelty.
Legislation
Europe
In the EU, the manufacture, labeling, and supply of cosmetics and personal care products is governed by Regulation EC 1223/2009. This applies to all EU countries as well as Iceland, Norway, and Switzerland. This rule applies to one-person companies that create or import only one major multinational product and company. Manufacturers and importers of cosmetic products must comply with applicable regulations to sell their products in the EU. In this industry, it is common to fall back on a suitably qualified person, such as an independent third-party inspection and testing company, to verify cosmetic compliance with applicable cosmetic regulatory requirements and other relevant laws, including REACH, GMP, hazardous substances, etc..
In the EU, the circulation of their cosmetic and safety products has been the subject of legislation since 1976. One of the latest improvements to the regulations on the cosmetics industry is the result of a ban on animal testing. Testing of cosmetic products in animals has been illegal in the European Union since September 2004, and testing separate ingredients from such products in animals is also prohibited by law, since March 2009 for some late and full points since 2013.
Cosmetic regulations in Europe are frequently updated to keep up with new technological and innovation trends while ensuring product safety. For example, all attachments of Rule 1223/2009 are intended to address potential risks to human health. Under the EU cosmetic rules, cosmetic manufacturers, retailers and importers in Europe will be designated "Responsible Persons". This new status implies that the responsible person has the legal responsibility to ensure that the cosmetics and brands they produce or sell comply with current cosmetic rules and norms. The responsible person is also responsible for the documents contained in the Product Information File (PIF), a list of product information including data such as Cosmetic Product Safety Report, product description, GMP statement, or product function.
United States
In 1938, the United States issued the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act authorizing the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to oversee security by law in the cosmetics industry and its aspects in the United States. The FDA joined 13 other federal agencies in establishing the Intergovernmental Coordination Committee on Alternative Method Validation (ICCVAM) in 1997, which is an attempt to ban animal testing and find other methods to test cosmetic products.
Brazil
ANVISA (AgÃÆ'ªncia Nacional de VigilÃÆ'Â ¢ ncia SanitÃÆ'¡ria, Brazil's Healthcare Supervisory Agency ) is the regulatory body responsible for cosmetic laws and directives in the country. The rules apply to Brazilian cosmetics manufacturers, importers and retailers, and most have been harmonized so as to apply to the entire Mercosur.
The current law limits the use of certain substances such as pyrogallol, formaldehyde, or paraformaldehyde and prohibits other uses such as lead acetate in cosmetic products. All prohibited and prohibited substances and products are listed under RDC 16/11 and RDC 162, 09/11/01.
Recently, a new Cosmetic Technical Regulation (RDC 15/2013) was established to establish a list of substances that are permitted and restricted for cosmetic use, used in products such as hair dye, nail hardener, or used as a preservative product.
Most Brazilian regulations are optimized, harmonized, or adjusted to be applicable and extensible to all Mercosur economic zones.
International
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) publishes new guidelines on the manufacture of safe cosmetic products under the Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) regime. Regulators in some countries and regions have adopted this standard, ISO 22716: 2007 , effectively replacing existing guidelines and standards. ISO 22716 provides a comprehensive approach to quality management systems for those involved in manufacturing, packaging, testing, storage, and transportation of cosmetic end products. Standard agreement with all aspects of the supply chain, from initial delivery of raw materials and components to final product delivery to consumers.
This standard is based on other quality management systems, ensuring seamless integration with systems such as ISO 9001 or British Retail Consortium (BRC) standards for consumer products. Therefore, it combines the benefits of GMP, linking the security of cosmetic products with an overall business improvement tool that enables organizations to meet global consumer demand for cosmetic product safety certification.
In July 2012, due to microbial contamination is one of the biggest concerns about the quality of cosmetic products, ISO has introduced new standards to evaluate antimicrobial protection of cosmetic products by testing the efficacy of preservation and microbiological risk assessment.
Careers
An account executive is responsible for visiting departments and specialty stores with cosmetic counter sales. They explain the new product and the "gift with purchase" arrangement (free stuff given when purchasing cosmetic items for a price over a certain amount).
A beauty advisor provides product suggestions based on client care and makeup requirements. The beauty advisor can be certified by the Anti-Aging Beauty Institute.
A beautician is a professional who provides facial and body care for clients. The term cosmetologist is sometimes used interchangeably with this term, but the most common term refers to a certified professional. Makeup freelance artists provide clients with beauty advice and cosmetic help. They are usually paid hourly by cosmetics companies; However, they sometimes work independently.
Professionals in cosmetic marketing careers manage focus groups of research, promote desired brand image, and provide other marketing services (sales forecasts, allocations to retailers, etc.).
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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