Rage Against the Machine is an American rock band from Los Angeles, California. Formed in 1991, the group consists of vocalist Zack de la Rocha, bassist and backing vocalist Tim Commerford, guitarist Tom Morello, and drummer Brad Wilk. Rage Against the Machine is well known for the revolutionary political views of the members, expressed in many band songs. In 2010, they have sold more than 16 million records worldwide.
In 1992, the band released their self-titled debut album,
In 2000, the band released the cover album Renegades . In the same year, increasing tension over the direction of the band prompted de la Rocha to stop, which led to the band's breakup. De la Rocha started a low solo career, while the rest of the band formed an audioslave rock group with Chris Cornell, a former Soundgarden frontman; Audioslave recorded three albums before disbanding in 2007. In the same year, Rage Against the Machine announced a reunion and performed together for the first time in seven years at the Coachella Valley Music and Art Festival in April 2007. Until 2011, the band continued to perform in more venues and festivals live around the world. In 2016, Morello, Commerford and Wilk formed a new band, Prophets of Rage, with Chuck D and B-Real. In 2017, Rage Against the Machine was nominated for induction into Rock & amp; Roll Hall of Fame in their first year of eligibility.
Video Rage Against the Machine
Histori
1991-1992: Tahun-tahun awal
In 1991, after the breakup of former band guitarist Tom Morello, Lock Up, Lock Up's former drummer, Jon Knox, prompted Commerford and Zack de la Rocha to play with Tom Morello as he sought to start a new group. Morello immediately contacted Brad Wilk, who was unable to follow the Lock Up audition. This lineage calls itself Rage Against the Machine, after the song de la Rocha was written for his former hardcore punk band Under Inside Out (also the title of the full album Inside Out ). Kent McClard, with whom Inside Out is linked, has coined the term "anger against the machine" in a 1989 article in his zine No Answer .
Shortly after its formation, they gave their first public appearance on October 23, 1991, at the Quad of California State University, Northridge. The blueprint for the group's major-label debut album, Rage Against the Machine demo tape, is put on a self-released twelve tape cassette, a cover image featuring a stock section newspaper clippings with one game recorded onto an inlay card. Not all 12 songs made it into the last album - the two were eventually included as B-sides, while the other three never saw an official release. Several record labels expressed interest, and the band finally signed a contract with Epic Records. Morello said, "Epic approves everything we ask - and they have followed... We have never seen [ideological] conflict as long as we maintain creative control."
1992-2000: Mainstream Success
The band's debut album,
After their debut album, the band appeared on the soundtrack for Higher Learning with the song "Year of the Boomerang". Early versions of "Tire Me" also appear in the movie. Subsequently, they re-recorded the song "Darkness" from their original demo for The Crow's soundtrack, while "No Shelter" appeared on the Godzilla soundtrack.
Despite rumors of breakup for several years, Rage Against the Machine's second album, Evil Empire , entered on the Billboard's Top 200 chart at number one in 1996, and then rose to triple platinum status. The song "Bulls on Parade" was performed on Saturday Night Live in April 1996. Their planned two song appearances were cut into a single track as the band tried to hang the American flag upside down from their amplifier ("a sign of distress or great danger "), a protest against Republican presidential candidate Steve Forbes as a guest host on the evening's show.
In 1997, the band opened for U2 on their PopMart Tour, where all the advantages of Rage went to support social organizations, including U.N.I.T., Women Alive and the Zapatista Front for National Liberation. Rage then embarked on a failed US tour with a special guest Wu-Tang Clan. Police in some jurisdictions failed to try to cancel the concert, for another reason, the "violent and anti-enforcement philosophy" of the bands. The Wu-Tang Clan was eventually removed from the lineup and replaced with The Roots, when the Wu-Tang Clan drew no show during the concert at Riverport. At the foot of Japan from their tour promoting Evil Empire , a compilation album consisting of B-side band recording titled Live & amp; Rare released by Sony Records. The live video, also titled Rage Against the Machine , was released in the same year.
In 1999, Rage Against the Machine was played at the famous '99 Woodstock concert. The following release, The Battle of Los Angeles also debuted at number one in 1999, selling 450,000 copies in its first week and then going double-platinum. In the same year, the song "Wake Up" is featured on the soundtrack of The Matrix . The song "Calm Like a Bomb" was later featured in a sequel to the 2003's The Matrix Reloaded. In 2000, the band plans to support Beastie Boys on the "Rhyme and Reason" tour; However, the tour was canceled when Beastie Boys drummer Mike D suffered a serious injury. In 2003, the Los Angeles Battle was ranked number 426 on Rolling Stone ' list of the 500 greatest albums of all time.
2000-2006: Break-up and subsequent projects
On January 26, 2000, a fight during the filming for "Sleep Now in the Fire", directed by Michael Moore, caused the New York Stock Exchange doors to be closed and the band escorted from the site by security after the band members attempted to break into the exchange. The videotape has attracted several hundred people, according to representatives of the City's Deputy Commissioner for Public Information. The New York City film office does not allow filming today on Wall Street. Moore has permission to use the steps of the Federal Hall National Memorial but does not have permission to shoot on sidewalks or streets, nor does it have sound loud permissions or proper parking permits. "Michael basically gave us one director's instruction," No matter what happens, do not stop playing ", Tom Morello recalled.When the band left the ladder, the police officer caught Moore and took him away.She shouted to the band," Take the New York Stock Exchange ! "In an interview with Socialist Workers, Morello said he and a number of other people ran to the Stock Exchange." About two hundred of us got through the first set of doors, but our accusations stalled when the door of the Stock Exchange titanium riots collapsed. "" For a few minutes, Rage Against the Machine is capable of shutting down American capitalism, "Moore said. An action that I'm sure tens of thousands of streamlined citizens will cheer ".
On September 7, 2000, the band attended the 2000 MTV Video Music Awards, and performed "Testify". After the award of Best Rock Video awarded to Limp Bizkit, however, Commerford went up to the set scaffolding. Commerford and his guards were sentenced yesterday to prison and de la Rocha reportedly left the award after the action. Morello recalled that Commerford conveyed his plan to other band members before the show, and that both de la Rocha and Morello advised him to oppose him soon after Bizkit received the award.
On October 18, 2000, de la Rocha released a statement announcing his departure from the band. He said, "I feel that now it is necessary to leave the Rage because our decision-making process has failed miserably.This no longer meets the aspirations of the four of us collectively as a band, and from my perspective, has ruined our artistic and political ideals. "" There are so many quarrels over everything, "Morello explained," and I mean all We'll even argue about whether our T-shirt should be purple or disguised! , internally flammable.Very bad for a long time ".
The next band album, Renegades, is a collection of diverse artist covers such as Devo, EPMD, Minor Threat, Cypress Hill, MC5, Bambaataa Africa, Rolling Stones, Eric B. & Rakim, Bruce Springsteen, Stooges, and Bob Dylan. It achieved platinum status a month later. The following year saw another live video release, The Battle of Mexico City , while 2003 brought live album Live at the Grand Olympic Auditorium , recording the band's edited record. the last concert on September 12 and 13, 2000, at the Grand Olympic Auditorium in Los Angeles. It was accompanied by an expanded DVD release of the last show, which included an unreleased video for "Bombtrack".
After the September 11 attacks, controversial Clear Channel controversy in 2001 included a long list of so-called memos as "questionable lyrics" for radio, uniquely listing all Rage Against the Machine's all songs.
After the group breakup, Morello, Wilk, and Commerford decide to stay together and find a new vocalist. "There was talk for a while for us to be backing band Ozzy Osbourne, and even Macy Gray," Morello said. "We told them that the loss of our singers is actually a blessing in disguise, and that we have more ambition than being a musician employed by someone." They eventually teamed up with former Soundgarden singer Chris Cornell to form the Audioslave. The first Audioslave single, "Cochise", was released in early November 2002, and the self-titled debut album followed for mainly positive reviews. Compared to Rage Against the Machine, most of Audioslave's music is apolitical, although some songs touch on political issues. Their second album Out of Exile debuted at number one on the Billboard charts in 2005. Audioslave released their third album Revelations on September 5, 2006, but the accompanying tour did did not happen when Cornell and Morello worked on a solo album. After months of inactivity and rumors of breakup, Audioslave disbanded on February 15, 2007, after Cornell announced he was leaving the band.
Morello began his own solo career in 2003, playing folk political acoustic music on an open-mic night and various clubs under the aka Nightwatchman, which he forms as an outlet for his political views while playing apolitical music with Audioslave. He first participated in Billy Bragg's Tell Us the Truth tour without plans to record, but later recorded a song for Fahrenheit 9/11 Inspired Songs and Artists , "Nothing to Leave". In February 2007, he announced his solo album, One Man Revolution, released in April 2007. Morello followed up his first studio album with The Fabled City released on September 30, 2008 During the last days of his career as Nightwatchman, Morello joined Boots Riley and formed the rock rap group Street Sweeper Social Club, which released their self-titled debut album in June 2009.
Meanwhile, de la Rocha has worked on a solo album collaboration with DJ Shadow, Company Flow, Roni Size and The Roots 'Questlove, but dropped a project that supports working with Nine Inch Nails' Trent Reznor. The recording is complete but the album has not been released yet. A collaboration between de la Rocha and DJ Shadow, the song "March of Death" was released online for free in 2003 in protest against the invasion of Iraq, and the 2004 soundtrack Fahrenheit 9/11 Inspired Songs and Artists including one collaboration with Reznor, "We Want It All". In late 2005, de la Rocha was seen singing and playing jarana huasteca with Son Jarocho's Son de Madera band on various occasions. Rage Against the Machine was ranked 33rd on VH1's list of 100 Greatest Artists of Hard Rock in 2005.
The band members had been offered large sums of money to reassemble for concerts and tours, and had changed the offer. Rumors of tension between de la Rocha and other former band members then circulated, but Commerford said that he and de la Rocha often see each other and go surfing together, while Morello says he and de la Rocha communicate over the phone, and have met on September 15, 2005 protests to support South Central Farm.
2007-2008: Reunions and tours
Rumors that Rage Against the Machine can reunite at the outstanding Music and Art Festival Coachella Valley in mid-January 2007, and confirmed on January 22nd. The band is confirmed to be headlining the last day of Coachella 2007. The reunion was described by Morello as the main vehicle for voicing the band's resistance to the "right wing" of the United States "sneaking into" under the George W Bush administration since the dissolution of Rage Against the Machine. Although the show was originally considered one time, this was not the case.
On April 14, 2007, Morello and de la Rocha reunited on the first stage to perform a short acoustic at an Imokalee Workers Coalition meeting in downtown Chicago. Morello described the show as "very interesting to everyone in the room, including myself". This was followed by Coachella's scheduled performance on Sunday, April 29, where the band held a highly anticipated show in front of the EZLN background for the largest crowd of festivals.
Rage Against the Machine continues touring in the United States, New Zealand, Australia and Japan, as well as playing a series of performances in Europe in the summer of 2008 including Rock am Ring and Rock im Park, Pinkpop Festival, T in the Park in Scotland, Hultsfred Festival in Sweden, Reading and Leeds Festival in England and Oxegen Festival in Ireland. The band also performed on August 2, 2008, in Chicago as one of the headliners (Radiohead, Kanye West and Nine Inch Nails into the other three) for the Lollapalooza Music Festival 2008. When asked in May 2007 if the band plans to write a new album, Morello replied :
No plan to do that... That's all the other wax balls there. Writing and recording albums is a different thing from back to bike (laugh), you know, and play these songs. But I think one thing about the Rage catalog is that for me nothing feels old fashioned. You know, it does not feel like a nostalgic event. It feels like this is a song that was born and raised to be played now.
Morello declined to comment on the possibility of a new album when interviewed by MTV News in April 2008. In July 2008, it was revealed that de la Rocha had started a new project called One Day as a Lion with drummer Jon Theodore who was once The Mars Volta, with eponymous EP released on July 22, 2008.
In August 2008, de la Rocha expressed his opinion on the possibility of new material:
We will continue to play the show - we have some great going on ahead of both conventions. As far as recording music in the future, I do not know where we all fit into it. We all hug each other and support them, and that's great.
In August 2008, during the Democratic National Convention in Denver, Rage became the title of Tent Country Music Festival to End the War . The band is supported by Flobots, Radio Country, Jello Biafra, and Wayne Kramer. After the concert, the band, which follows a uniformed veteran of the Iraq War Veterans, led 8,000 attendees to the Denver Coliseum en route 6 miles to Invesco Field, host of the DNC. After 4 hours of silence with the police, Obama's campaign agreed to meet with members of Iraqi Veterans Against the War and hear their demands.
In September 2008, Rage appeared at the Target Center in Minneapolis during the Republican National Convention. The day before, they tried to play the surprise set at a free anti-RNC concert at the Minnesota Capitol in St. Louis. Paul, but was prevented from doing so by the police. In contrast, de la Rocha and Morello tapped and sang through the megaphone. That night, Morello and Boots Reilly joined Billy Bragg and Jim Walsh for a three-hour session at the Pepitos Parkway theater in southern Minneapolis.
In December 2008, Tom Morello revealed that Rage Against the Machine showed in 2009 a possibility, although plans for the band to record a new studio album are highly unlikely. When asked by Billboard.com if they were planning to go to the studio in 2009, Morello stated: "We have had a wonderful year and half of the show playing, and I see no reason not to play more events. many hours on music day, and I'm very busy right now ".
Morello explains that Nightwatch is now "the main focus of my music, as I see it, for the rest of my life." From the early days of playing mic nights in the coffee houses, it was clear to me that this music was as important to me as any music I've ever been in. It really sums up everything I want to do as an artist. "He repeated this in an interview with the Los Angeles Times.
However, after the "Rage Factor" celebration event at Finsbury Park on June 6, 2010, after a campaign to get "Killing in Name" to the No. 1 spot on Christmas, Zack de la Rocha stated that it was "original possibilities". Stating that they can use the momentum of the campaign to return to the studio and write a follow-up note to the 2000s Renegades after 10 years. Speaking with NME, Zack de la Rocha said: "I think that's a real possibility. We have to understand what we're going to do towards the end of the year and finish some other projects and we'll take it from there."
2009-2015: Campaign "Killing in Name", tour Europe, and LA Rising
In December 2009, the campaign was launched on Facebook by Jon Morter and his wife Tracy, to stop, especially, The X Factor hits from being nearly Christmas's automatic number on the UK Singles Chart. It generates national publicity and takes the song "Killing in Name" to the number one Christmas slot coveted on the UK Singles Chart, which has been dominated for four consecutive years from 2005 by the winners of the popular TV show The X Factor > Before the chart was announced on December 20, 2009, the membership of the Facebook group reached over 950,000, and was acknowledged (and supported) by Tom Morello, Dave Grohl, Paul McCartney, Muse, Fightstar, John Lydon, Bill Bailey, Lenny Henry, BBC Radio 1, Hadouken !, Prodigy, Stereophonics, BBC Radio 5 Live, and even winner 2004 X Factor Steve Brookstein, among many others. On the morning of December 17th, Rage Against the Machine played a slightly censored version of "Kill in Name" live on Radio 5 Live, but four repetitions of 'Fuck you, I will not do what you say to me' are broadcast before the song is pulled. During the interview before the song they reaffirmed their support for the campaign and their intention to support the charity with the results. The campaign eventually succeeded, and "Killing in Name" became number one in the UK for Christmas 2009. Zack de la Rocha spoke to BBC One after hearing the news, stating that:
We are very excited and excited about the song that reached number one. We would like to thank everyone who participates in this amazing, organic, and deep-rooted campaign. He says more about the spontaneous actions taken by young people across Britain to overthrow this sterile pop monopoly. When young people decide to act, they can make what seems impossible, maybe.
The band also set a new record, achieving the largest total download sales in the first week on the UK charts. de la Rocha also promised the band will perform a free concert in the UK in 2010 to celebrate its achievement. True to their words, the band announced that they will be performing a free concert at Finsbury Park, London on June 6, 2010. The concert, dubbed "The Rage Factor", gives all tickets with free photo registration to prevent touting the more end the week of February 13-14, followed by an online sweepstakes on February 17th. It proved popular, with many users facing connection problems. Tickets all allocated by 13:30 the same day. After allowing the ticket holders to choose who they want as a support act for "The Rage Factor", it was announced that Gogol Bordello, Gallows, and Roots Manuva would support Rage Against the Machine at the concert.
In addition to the free show at Finsbury Park, the band held a European festival in June 2010 including the Download Festival at Donington Park, England, Rock am Ring and Rock im Park in Germany and Rock in Rio Madrid in Spain. They also performed in Ireland on June 8 and the Netherlands on June 9. Zack de la Rocha has stated that it is a definite possibility that the band will be recording a new album, the first time since the 2000s Renegades . Morter confirmed this, stating the discussion he and the band had backstage before the show at Finsbury Park said the band did not write new material, but they had no motivation to release them until now. de la Rocha mentions a very strong reaction from the audience of Download Festival 2010 as an incentive to release new material. In addition, the band returned to Los Angeles on July 23, 2010 for their first US performances in two years and their first home performances in 10 years. The concert is in favor of Arizona organizations that are fighting for the immigration law SB1070. On the eve of the event, a spokesperson announced to the crowd that ticket sales - all of which were non-profits for the band - had raised $ 300,000. The band has been confirmed for a short tour in South America in October, performing at venues such as the SWU Festival in Brazil, the Maquinaria Festival in Chile, and the Pepsi Music Festival in Argentina. This is the first time the band has played in these countries.
During an interview with Chilean newspaper La Tercera in October 2010, de la Rocha allegedly confirmed that the new album is under construction, with a possible release in 2011. De la Rocha reportedly said, "We are all bigger and more mature and we did not fall into the problems we faced 10 or 15 years ago.This is different and we are projecting a lot: we're working on a new album because it's coming out next year, maybe summer for the northern hemisphere. " However, in early May 2011, guitarist Tom Morello said that the band did not work on the new album, but did not rule out the possibility of studio work in the future. "The band is not writing songs, the band is not in the studio", Morello told The Pulse of Radio. "We get along well and we all, you know, intend to do more Rage Against the Machine in the future, but beyond this kind of concert drills this year, nothing else in the schedule (for 2011)". The band created their own festival, L.A. Rising. As stated by Morello, the only appearance of Rage Against the Machine for 2011 is an appearance on July 30th at the L.A. festival. Rising with El Gran Silencio, Immortal Technique, Lauryn Hill, Rise Against, and Muse. In mid-2012, there are no plans for more shows. During an interview on July 30, 2011, Commerford appeared to contradict Morello's comment, stating that the new material is being written, and a special plan for the next two years already exists.
In an October 2012 interview with TMZ, bass player Tim Commerford was asked if Rage Against the Machine was working on a new album. He simply replied, "maybe". Asked by TMZ again in November 2012 whether a new album is being worked on, Commerford replied "definitely possible... whatever it may be". Later that month, however, Morello denied that they were working on new material, and stated that Rage Against the Machine had "no plans beyond" the reissue of their self-titled debut album. Morello said he would be open to recording new Rage Against the Machine material, but added that it was "not on the table right now".
The band announced on October 9th through their Facebook page that they will release a special 20th anniversary to commemorate the group's debut album. A full box set of unreleased concert material, including the 2010 Finsbury Park band performances and footage from the start of their career, as well as a digital remastered version of the original album, b-sides and demo tape (on disk for the first time). The band released a 3-disc and single-disc version. This collection was released on November 27th.
On April 30, 2014, drummer Brad Wilk stated that the performance of Rage Against the Machine 2011 at L.A. Rising may have been their last show. In February 2015, Commerford's team preceded that uncertainty was typical of the band's function, speculating: "It could be tomorrow, it could be 10 years from now".
On October 16, 2015, the 2010 show at Finsbury Park was released as a DVD and Blu-ray called Live at Finsbury Park .
2016-present: Anger-Raja Anger
In May 2016, the band launched a countdown site, prophetsofrage.com, with hours counted until June 1st. Accompanying the clock is a cracked slash image through a circle with a five-person silhouette stretching out their hands and clenching a fist with a "#takethepowerback" hashag under the timer. This led to speculation the band's comeback at the end of the year. However, a source close to Rage Against the Machine told Rolling Stone that the Prophets of Rage website had nothing to do with the "Rage-specific reunion" announcement, but added that some "members" of the band had been working on the project which will include live performances.
It has been determined that the Prophets of Rage is a new supergroup formed by Morello, Wilk and Commerford, with Chuck D from Public Enemy and B-Real from Cypress Hill. The band toured throughout the rest of 2016 and played songs from three bands in which members of this group participated before.
Although Morello, Wilk and Commerford were involved in the Prophets of Rage, Commerford confirmed in an interview with Rolling Stone that Rage Against the Machine has not split up, explaining, "We only do things our own way. our career, we never do what people want us to do We never make a record of the people we want to make We never play with the rules that people want us to play And here we are 25 years later still band it means something, and if we ever play or make new music or anything, that would be a big deal, and there are many bands I've met over a 25-year period that does everything to record companies and power-wants they do, and they sell millions of records, but where are they now? They're gone. "Morello added," Currently... cold coal from Rage Against the Machine is now is the fire burning the Prophets of Wrath. Where the Rage Against the Machine is alive, is this summer in the songs we play. And we have nothing but that. the greatest love and honor and respect for Zack de la Rocha, the brilliant lyrics writer Rage Against the Machine, who works on his own music, which I'm sure will be fantastic - he is a great artist in himself. where you will hear Rage Against the Machine is in Prophets of Rage. "
In May 2018, Wilk stated that "no one would make her happier" if the band reunited, but stated "It's just a matter of getting us all on the same page".
Maps Rage Against the Machine
The style and influence of music
Inspired by early heavy metal instrumentation, hip hop acts such as Africa Bambaataa, Public Enemy, and Beastie Boys, punk rocks such as Sex Pistols and Fugazi, and Urban Squad crossover bands, Rage Against the Machine has been recorded for "his violent polemic music left-wing slogans against American companies, cultural imperialism, and government oppression into Molotov cocktails of punk rock, hip-hop, and thrash. " The lyrics and chorus of Zack de la Rocha is defined by the heavy use of sloganeering and repetition on songs such as "Bulls on Parade", "Guerrilla Radio", "Testify", and "Down Rodeo". Guitarist Tom Morello, on the other hand, is considered a guitar player but also a DJ at Rage.
Rage Against the Machine has been described as rap metal, rap rock, funk metal, alternative metal, and metal. Although the band has been described as a metal, Rage Against the Machine is often regarded as the predecessor of metal that affects the metal.
Political views and activism
The members of Rage Against the Machine are known for their leftist and revolutionary political views, and almost all of the band's songs focus on these views. The key to band identity, Rage Against the Machine has voiced a very critical view of domestic and foreign policies of the current and previous US government. Throughout its existence, Rage Against the Machine and its individual members participated in political protests and other activism to advocate this belief. The band saw its music as a vehicle for social activism; De la Rocha explains, "I'm interested in spreading those ideas through art, because music has the power to cross the border, to break the military siege and to build a real dialogue." Morello says of the wage slavery in America:
America praises itself as a free land, but the number one freedom that you and I have is the freedom to enter into a job-oriented role. Once you exercise this freedom, you lose control of what you do, what it generates, and how it is produced. And in the end, the product is not yours. The only way you can avoid a boss and a job is if you do not care to make a living. Which leads to second freedom: freedom to starve.
Some critics have accused the hypocritical group of voicing a commitment to the left cause while billionaires signed a contract with Epic Records, a subsidiary of media conglomerate Sony Records. Infectious Grooves released a song titled "Do What I Tell Ya!" who mocks the lyrics of "Killing in Name", accusing the band of being a hypocrite. Responding to the criticism, Morello stated:
When you live in a capitalistic society, currency disseminates information through capitalistic channels. Does Noam Chomsky object to his works being sold at Barnes & amp; Noble? No, because that's where people buy their books. We are not interested in preaching to people who have just converted. It's great to play the squat left by anarchists, but it's also great to be able to reach people with revolutionary messages, people from Granada Hills to Stuttgart.
De la Rocha menyatakan:
Yes, to get as many people as possible to join in the political debate, to make the dialogue run. I wonder today, why did anyone climb up to the roof of the American Embassy with a banner reading "Free Mumia Abu-Jamal", why did you do that? That's to get the attention of the international press. Sony's international network available to me is the perfect tool you know, it can make more people join the revolutionary consciousness and struggle.
Members
- Zack de la RochaÃ, - vocals
- Tom MorelloÃ, - guitar
- Team CommerfordÃ, - bass, supporting vocals
- Brad WilkÃ, - drums, percussion
Awards and nominations
Rage Against the Machine has won two Grammy Awards for a total of six nominations. During 2008 the band was also inducted into the "Hall of Fame" Kerrang. In 2010, Rage Against the Machine was awarded to NME's Heroes of the Year Award. The band has also received three nominations from the MTV Video Music Awards, but has yet to win an award.
Grammy Award
MTV Video Music Awards
NME Awards
Kerrang! Awards
Penghargaan Penghargaan Rock Roll Klasik
Diskografi
- Kemarahan Terhadap Mesin (1992)
- Evil Empire (1996)
- Pertempuran Los Angeles (1999)
- Renegades (2000)
Referensi
Bacaan lebih lanjut
- Devenish, Colin (2001). Kemarahan Terhadap Mesin . New York: St. Martin Griffin. ISBN 0-312-27326-6.
- Stenning, Paul (2008). Rage Against the Machine: Stage Fighters . New York: Pers Musik Independen. ISBNÂ 1-906191-07-7.
- "Kritik Anti-Kapitalis dan Bepergian dalam Karya Lorna Dee Cervantes dan Rage Against the Machine.", Alexander, Donna Maria
Tautan eksternal
- Situs web resmi
- Rage Against the Machine at Curlie (berdasarkan DMOZ)
Source of the article : Wikipedia
0 Comments